bevictorΰµÂ

̽Ѱ·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåµÄÆæ»ÃÖ®ÂãºËÕÖݵÄè­è²°ÂÃØ
ÆðÔ´£ºÖ¤È¯Ê±±¨Íø×÷ÕߣºÑîÕÕ2026-02-17 02:29:49
wwwzqhsauikdwjbfkjabfwqr

åâåË·ÛÉ«ÊÂÒµ£ºËÕÖݾ§ÌåÖ®ÂõÄÐòÕÂ

ÉèÏëһϣ¬ÔÚÒ»×ù¹ÅÔÏÓÆ³¤µÄ³ÇÊУ¬¾²Ú×µÄÔ°ÁÖÓëÏÖ´úµÄ¿Æ¼¼½»´í£¬È´ÔÚij¸ö²»¾­ÒâµÄ½ÇÂ䣬ÉÁׯ×ÅÒ»ÖÖÄÑÒÔÑÔÓ÷µÄ·ÛÉ«¹âÏß¡£Õâ¹âÏߣ¬²¢·ÇÀ´×ÔÍíϼµÄÓàêÍ£¬Ò²·Ç»¨°êµÄ½¿ÄÛ£¬¶øÊÇÔ´×ÔÒ»ÖÖÉñÃØµÄ?ÎïÖÊ¡ª¡ª·ÛÉ«¾§Ìå¡£ËÕÖÝ£¬Õâ×ù³ä³â¶«·½÷ÈÁ¦µÄ³ÇÊУ¬ÕýÇÄÈ»³ÉΪË÷ÇóÕâÀà¹ÖÒì¾§Ìå½á¹¹µÄÈÈÍÁ¡£

ΪºÎÊÇ·ÛÉ« £¿Õâ¸öÎÊÌâ×ÔÉí¾Í³ä³âÁËÊ«Òâ¡£ÔÚÉ«²ÊÉúÀíѧÖУ¬·ÛɫʱʱÓëÎÂ˳¡¢ÀËÂþ¡¢´¿ÕæºÍµ«Ô¸ÁªÏµÔÚһ·£¬ËüÄܰ²ÞÑÐÄÁ飬´øÀ´ºÍÉÆÓëϲÔᣵ¹ØâÖÖÉ«²ÊÓë¾§ÌåÕâÒ»ÔÚ¿ÆÑ§½ç´ú±í×ÅÖÈÐò¡¢²»±äÓëÁ¦Á¿µÄÎïÖʽáӦʱ£¬±ãµ®ÉúÁËÒ»ÖÖ¼Å×пÆÑ§ÑϽ÷ÐÔ£¬ÓÖ²»Ê§ÈËÎĹØÇеĹÖÒì÷ÈÁ¦¡£

·ÛÉ«¾§Ì壬¹ËÃû˼Ò壬ÊÇÖ¸ÄÇЩ³öÏÖ³ö·ÛÉ«µ÷µÄ¾§ÌåÎïÖÊ¡£ËüÃǵÄÉ«²Ê²¢·Çµ¥Ò»£¬¶øÊÇ¿ÉÄÜÔ̺¬´Óµ­ÑŵÄÓ £»¨·Û£¬µ½Öܵ½µÄ?õºì£¬ÉõÖÁÊÇÂÔ´ø×ϵ÷µÄź·Û£¬Ã¿Ò»ÖÖ·ÛÉ«¶¼Ëß˵×Å·ÖÆçµÄ¹ÊÊ¡£

ÕâЩ·ÛÉ«¾§Ì壬Æä³ÉÒòºÍ½á¹¹ÊÇÔõôµÄ?ÄØ £¿Õâ¾ÍÊÇËÕÖݾ§ÌåË÷ÇóÖ®ÂõÄÖ÷ÌâµØµã¡£ÎÒÃÇËù˵µÄ¡°¾§Ìå½á¹¹¡±£¬Ö¸µÄÊÇ×é³É¾§ÌåµÄ?Ô­×Ó¡¢Àë×Ó»ò·Ö×ÓÔÚÈýά¿Õ¼äÖУ¬ÒÀÕտ϶¨µÄ·¨¹æ¡¢ÒÔ³Á¸´µÄµ¥Ôª·ÖÁжøÐγɵÄÓÐÐò½á¹¹¡£ÕâÖÖÓÐÐòÐÔ¸³ÓèÁ˾§Ìå¹ÖÒìµÄÎïÀíºÍ»¯Ñ§ÐÔÖÊ£¬ºÃ±È¹æ¶¨µÄ±íÐΡ¢¹âѧ¸öÐÔ¡¢µ¼µçÐԵȵÈ¡£

¶ø·ÛÉ«£¬ÍùÍùÊÇÓÉÓÚ¾§ÌåÖвôÔÓÁË΢Á¿µÄÌØ¶¨ÔªËØ£¬»òÊÇ×ÔÉíÔªËØµÄ¼Û̬±ä¶¯£¬µ¼ÖÂÁ˾§ÌåÔÚÎüÊպͷ´ÉäÌØ¶¨²¨³¤µÄ¿É¼û¹âʱ£¬³öÏÖ³öÎÒÃÇ¿´µ½µÄ·ÛÉ«¡£ÀýÈ磬ijЩÑõ»¯Îï¾§ÌåÖУ¬Î¢Á¿µÄ?ÃÌÀë×Ó£¨Mn??£©»òîÜÀë×Ó£¨Co??£©µÄÒýÈ룬¾Í¿ÉÄÜʹÆä³öÏÖ³öÃÔÈ˵ķÛÉ«¡£

ËÕÖÝ£¬Ö®ËùÒÔ³ÉΪË÷ÇóµÄ½¹µã£¬²¢·ÇÎÞÒâ¡£Õâ×ù³ÇÊÐÕ¼ÓÐÉîºñµÄ¿Æ¼¼Ñз¢»ù´¡ºÍÒ»ÅúÔÚ×ÊÁÏ¿ÆÑ§ÁìÓòÆÄ¾ß½¨Ê÷µÄ×êÑлú¹¹¡£´Ó´«Í³µÄË¿³ñ¡¢ÌÕ´É£¬µ½ÏÖ´úµÄ°ëµ¼Ìå¡¢ÐÂÄÜÔ´×ÊÁÏ£¬ËÕÖÝʼÖÕ×ßÔÚ´´ÐµÄÇ°ÑØ¡£¶ø¶ÔÓÚÐÂÐ;§Ìå×ÊÁϵÄË÷Çó£¬ÓÈÆäÊÇÄÇЩӵÓÐDZÔÚÀûÓüÛÖµºÍ¹ÖÒìÃÀѧ¼ÛÖµµÄ¾§Ì壬¸üÊÇÎüÒýÁ˶à¶à¿ÆÑÐÈËÔ±ºÍÆóÒµ¼ÒµÄÑ۹⡣

ÔÚÕâÀÄãÄܹ»¿´µ½³¢ÊÔÊÒÀï¿ÆÑ§¼ÒÃÇÑϽ÷µÄ³¢ÊÔ¹ý³Ì£¬Ò²Äܹ»ÔÚһЩÒÕÊõÕ¹ÀÀ»òÖ÷Ìâ¿Õ¼äÖУ¬¾ªÌ¾ÓÚÕâЩ·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåËùչʾ³öµÄÕðº³ÃÀ¸Ð¡£

ÎÒÃǽ«ÔÚËÕÖݵÄÕⳡ·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåË÷ÇóÖ®ÂÃÖУ¬·¢ÏÖÐ©Ê²Ã´ÄØ £¿ÎÒÃǽ«Éî¿ÌÏàʶ¼¸ÖÖÓµÓдú±íÐԵķÛÉ«¾§Ìå¡£Õâ¿ÉÄÜÔ̺¬µ«²»ÏÞÓÚ£º

·ÛÉ«±¦Ê¯ÀྦྷÌ壺ÈçijЩÖÖÀàµÄ±Ìçô¡¢ºì±¦Ê¯£¨¹ÌÈ»¾­µäºì±¦Ê¯ÊǺìÉ«£¬µ«Ò²ÓÐһЩ³Ê·ÛÉ«µÄÖÖÀࣩ¡¢Ç¾Þ±Ê¯Ó¢£¨RoseQuartz£©µÈ¡£ËüÃǵÄÇÎÀöÔÚÓÚÌìÈ»µÄÉ«²ÊºÍϸÄåµÄ?ÄÚ²¿½á¹¹£¬³£±»ÓÃÓÚÖ鱦ºÍ×°è«Æ·¡£ÎÒÃǽ«Ì½ÇóËüÃǵÄ?¿óÎïѧ¸öÐÔ¡¢Ðγɻ·¾³ÒÔ¼°¹âѧ¾°Ï󣬺ñÈèÑÛЧӦ»òÐǹâЧӦ¡£

ÈËÔì·ÛɫְÄܾ§Ìå£ºËæ×ſƼ¼µÄ·¢Õ¹£¬¿ÆÑ§¼ÒÃÇ¿ÉÄÜͨ¹ý¾«È·½ÚÔ컯ѧ×é·ÖºÍ³É³¤Ç°ÌᣬÔÚ³¢ÊÔÊÒÖд´Ôì³öÓµÓÐÌØ¶¨Ö°ÄܵķÛÉ«¾§Ìå¡£ÀýÈ磬ijЩ²ôÔÓÁËÏ¡ÍÁÔªËØµÄÑõ»¯Îï»ò·ú»¯Îï¾§Ì壬¿ÉÄÜÔÚ¼¤¹â¡¢·¢¹â×ÊÁÏ¡¢·ÇÏßÐÔ¹âѧµÈÁìÓòÓÐÀûÓÃDZÁ¦¡£ÎÒÃǽ«Ì½Ë÷ÕâЩ¾§ÌåÊÇÈôºÎ±»¡°Éè¼Æ¡±³öÀ´µÄ£¬ÒÔ¼°ËüÃÇÔÚÏÖ´ú¿Æ¼¼ÖеıíÑݵĽÇÉ«¡£

ÉúÎï»ò·ÂÉú·ÛÉ«¾§Ì壺ÔÚÌìÈ»½çÖУ¬Ò²ÓÐһЩÉúÎïÌå¿ÉÄܲúÉú·ÛÉ«µÄ¾§Ìå½á¹¹£¬ÀýÈçijЩ±´¿ÇµÄÄÚ²ã½á¹¹£¬¹ÌÈ»²»ÆëÂúÊÇÑϸñÒâ˼Éϵľ§Ì壬µ«ÆäÓÐÐò·ÖÁеÄÎÄʯ»ò·½½âʯ΢¾§¸³ÓèÁËËüÃÇÕäÖé°ãµÄ¹âÔóºÍÉ«²Ê¡£¹ÌÈ»Õâ²»ÊÇËÕÖÝË÷ÇóµÄ?³Áµã£¬µ«ËüÍØÕ¹ÁËÎÒÃǶԡ°·ÛÉ«¾§Ì塱¸ÅÏëµÄÈÏÖªÌìǵ¡£

±¾´ÎË÷Ç󣬲»½ö½öÊǵ¥µ÷µÄ¿ÆÑ§ÖªÊ¶¶ÑÆö£¬¸üÊÇÒ»´ÎÊÓ¾õÓëÖǻ۵ÄË«³ÁÏíÊÜ¡£ÎÒÃǽ«ÓûîÆÃÓÐȤµÄ˵»°£¬½áºÏÓÅÃÀµÄͼƬºÍ¿ÉÄܵÄÊÓÆµ×ÊÁÏ£¬½«ÄÇЩ¸´Ôӵľ§Ìå½á¹¹£¬±äµÃÇ峺Ò×¶®¡£ÎÒÃÇ»á´Ó?ºê¹ÛµÄ¾§Ìå״̬£¬µ½Î¢¹ÛµÄÔ­×Ó·ÖÁУ¬Ò»²½²½½Ò¿ª·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåµÄÉñÃØÃæÉ´¡£ÎªÊ²Ã´ËüÃÇ»á³öÏÖ³öÈç´ËÃÔÈ˵ÄÉ«²Ê £¿ÊÇʲôÑùµÄÁ¦Á¿ÔÚ°Ú²¼×ÅÔ­×ÓÔÚ¿Õ¼äÖÐÈç´Ë¾«È·µØ·ÖÁÐ £¿ÕâЩÎÊÌâµÄ´ð°¸£¬½«Ð¯´øÎÒÃÇ×ß½øÒ»¸ö³ä³âÊÂÒµµÄ?΢¹ÛÊÀ½ç¡£

ÔÚËÕÖÝÕâ×ù¹ÅÀÏÓëÏÖ´ú?²¢´æµÄ³ÇÊУ¬ÎÒÃǵȴýÓëÄãÒ»Æð¿ªÆôÕⳡ¹ØÓÚ·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåµÄË÷Çó¡£Õâ²»ÊÇÒ»´Îͨ³£µÄ¹Û¹â£¬¶øÊÇÒ»´Î·¢ÏÖÃÀµÄÂóÌ£¬Ò»´ÎÀí½â¿ÆÑ§µÄÂóÌ£¬¸üÊÇÒ»´Î´¥ÅöÎÞÏÞ¿ÉÄÜÐÔµÄÂóÌ¡£ÈÃÎÒÃÇһ·£¬ÔÚ·ÛÉ«µÄ¹âÔÎÖУ¬¸Ð´¥¾§ÌåÊÀ½çµÄ¹ÖÒì÷ÈÁ¦¡£

¾§Ìå½á¹¹µÄ?°ÂÃØÓë·ÛÉ«µÄ¿ÆÑ§£ºËÕÖÝË÷ÇóµÄÉî¶È½âÎö

ÔÚÉÏÒ»²¿ÃÅ£¬ÎÒÃÇ¿ªÆôÁ˶ÔËÕÖÝ·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåµÄÆæ»ÃÖ®Â㬳õ?²½ÁìÂÔÁËËüÃǵÄ÷ÈÁ¦Óë¶àÑùÐÔ¡£´Ë¿Ì£¬ÈÃÎÒÃǸüÉî¿ÌµØÒ»²½£¬Ì½Ñ°·ÛÉ«¾§Ìå±³ºó°µ²ØµÄ¿ÆÑ§µÀÀí¡ª¡ªËüÃÇÄǹÖÒì¶ø¾«ÃîµÄ?¾§Ìå½á¹¹£¬ÒÔ¼°¸³ÓèËüÃÇÃÔÈËÉ«²ÊµÄ¿ÆÑ§Ú¹ÊÍ¡£

Ò»¡¢·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåµÄ¡°¹Ç¼Ü¡±£º¾§Ìå½á¹¹µÄ˵»°

ÎÒÃdz£ËµµÄ¡°¾§Ìå½á¹¹¡±£¬¾ÍºÃ±ÈÊÇ×é³É¾§ÌåÎïÖʵġ°¹¹ÖþÀ¶Í¼¡±¡£ËüÃèÊöÁ˾§ÌåÄÚ²¿µÄÔ­×Ó¡¢Àë×Ó»ò·Ö×ÓÊÇÈôºÎÔÚÈýά¿Õ¼äÖУ¬ÒԸ߶Å×ÐÐò¡¢³Á¸´µÄ·½Ê½·ÖÁеÄ¡£ÕâÖÖ·ÖÁз½Ê½¾ö¶¨Á˾§ÌåµÄ¸ù»ùµ¥Ôª¡ª¡ª¡°¾§°û¡±µÄ´óÓ׺Í״̬£¬ÒÔ¼°Ô­×ÓÔÚ¾§°ûÄڵľßÌåµØÎ»¡£

¾§Ìå½á¹¹µÄÃèÊö£¬Àë²»¿ª¼¸¸ö¹Ø¼ü¸ÅÏ룺

¾§¸ñ(Lattice)£ºÕâÊÇÒ»¸öÓÉÎÞÏÞ³Á¸´µÄµã×é³ÉµÄ¼¸ºÎ½á¹¹£¬ÓÃÀ´°µÊ¾Ô­×ÓÔÚ¿Õ¼äÖеķÖÁз¨¹æ¡£¾§´ø(Basis)£ºÖ¸µÄÊÇÔÚ¾§¸ñµÄ?ÿһ¸öµãÉÏËùÏνӵÄÔ­×Ó¡¢Àë×Ó»ò·Ö×Ó»ùÍÅ¡£¾§Ìå½á¹¹(CrystalStructure)£ºÓɾ§¸ñºÍ¾§´ø¹²Í¬×é³É£¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇÔ­×ÓÔÚ¿Õ¼äÖеÄ?ÏÖʵɢ²¼¡£

¾§Ìå½á¹¹Ç§×˰Ù̬£¬µ«Æ¾¾ÝÆä¶Ô³ÆÐÔ£¬Äܹ»×ÛºÏΪÆß´ó¾§Ïµ£¨ÈçÁ¢·½¾§Ïµ¡¢ËÄ·½¾§Ïµ¡¢Áù·½¾§ÏµµÈ£©ºÍÊ®ËÄÖÖ²¼À­Î¬¾§¸ñ¡£·ÖÆçµÄ¾§ÏµºÍ¾§¸ñ£¬Òâζ×ÅÔ­×Ó·ÖÁеķ½Ê½½ØÈ»·ÖÆç£¬ÓÉ´ËÒ²»á²úÉú½ØÈ»·ÖÆçµÄÎïÀíºÍ»¯Ñ§ÐÔÖÊ¡£ÀýÈ磬×êʯÊôÓÚÁ¢·½¾§Ïµ£¬Ì¼Ô­×ÓÒÔÕýËÄÃæÌåµÄ·½Ê½ÏνÓ£¬Ðγɼ«Æä½©Ó²µÄ½á¹¹ £»¶øÊ¯Ä«£¬Í¬ÑùÊÇÌ¼ÔªËØ£¬µ«Ô­×Ó³ÊÁù±ßÐβã×´·ÖÁУ¬Ê¹µÃʯ¶ÈÈáÈí£¬¿ÉÄÜ×÷Ϊ¹â»¬¼Á¡£

¶ÔÓÚ·ÛÉ«¾§Ìå¶øÑÔ£¬ËüÃǵġ°¹Ç¼Ü¡±¡ª¡ªÒ²¾ÍÊÇ»ù´¡µÄ¾§Ìå½á¹¹£¬¿ÉÄܶàÖÖ¶àÑù¡£ÀýÈ磺

Ñõ»¯Îï¾§Ì壺ºÜ¶à³ÁÒªµÄ·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåÊôÓÚÑõ»¯Îï¡£ÀýÈ磬ijЩ¼â¾§Ê¯£¨Spinel£©½á¹¹£¨Í¨Ê½ÎªAB?O?£©µÄ¾§Ì壬ÈôÊÇAλ»òBλÀë×Ó¸ÕºÃÊÇÄܳöÏÖ·ÛÉ«µÄ½ðÊôÀë×Ó£¬²¢ÇÒÆä¾§Ìå½á¹¹ÔÊÐíÕâÑùµÄÀë×Ó´æÔÚ£¬¾Í¿ÉÄÜÐγɷÛÉ«¾§Ìå¡£ÌìÈ»µÄºì±¦Ê¯£¨¸ÕÓñ£¬Al?O?£©ºÍ·ÛÉ«¼â¾§Ê¯¾ÍÊôÓÚ´ËÀà¡£

ËüÃǵĸÕÓñ½á¹¹ºÍ¼â¾§Ê¯½á¹¹£¬ÌṩÁ˲»±äµÄÔ­×Ó·ÖÁÐÆ½Ì¨¡£¹èËáÑξ§Ì壺ºÃ±ÈÇ°ÃæÌáµ½?µÄǾޱʯӢ£¬ËüÊÇÒ»ÖÖʯӢ£¨SiO?£©µÄ±äÖÖ¡£Ê¯Ó¢×ÔÉíÊÇÓµÓв»±äÈý·½¾§ÏµµÄ¶þÑõ»¯¹è£¬¶øÇ¾Þ±Ê¯Ó¢µÄ·ÛÉ«£¬²¢·ÇÀ´×Ôµ¥Ò»µÄÔÓÖÊ£¬¶øÊÇÓë½á¹¹ÖÐ΢Á¿µÄÌú£¨Fe£©»òÆäËû¹ý¶É½ðÊôÀë×Ó£¬ÒÔ¼°½á¹¹È±µãÓйØ£¬ÕâЩ³É·ÖÓ°ÏìÁËÆä¶Ô¹âµÄÎüÊÕ¡£

·ÇÑõ»¯Îï¾§Ì壺·ú»¯Îï¡¢Á×ËáÑεÈÒ²¿ÉÄÜÐγɷÛÉ«¾§Ìå¡£ÀýÈ磬²ôÔÓÁËijЩϡÍÁÔªËØµÄ·ú»¯Îï¾§Ì壬¿ÉÄÜÓÃÓÚ¹âѧÆ÷¼þ¡£

Àí½âÕâЩ¾§Ìå½á¹¹£¬¾ÍÏñÊÇÔÚÔĶÁÒ»±¾¹ØÓÚÎïÖÊÊÀ½ç·ÖÁй涨µÄ?ÃÜÓï¡£ÔÚËÕÖݵij¢ÊÔÊÒÀ¿ÆÑ§¼ÒÃÇÀûÓÃXÉäÏßÑÜÉ䣨XRD£©¡¢Í¸Éäµç×ÓÏÔ΢¾µ£¨TEM£©µÈÏȽø¼¼Êõ£¬¾«È·µØ½âÎöÕâЩ¾§ÌåµÄÈýάԭ×Ó·ÖÁУ¬ÈçͬÃèÊö³öÒ»·ù·ù¾«ÃܵķÖ×Ó¡°µØÍ¼¡±£¬½ÒʾÁ˽ṹÓë»úÄÜÖ®¼äµÄ?ÄÚº­ÁªÏµ¡£

¶þ¡¢·ÛÉ«µÄ¡°°ÂÃØ¡±£ºÏÔÉ«»úÔìµÄ¿ÆÑ§½âÎö

¾§Ìå½á¹¹Îª·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåÌṩÁË¡°Îę̀¡±£¬¶øÉ«²ÊÔòÊÇÕⳡ¡°±íÑÝ¡±µÄÖ÷½Ç¡£·ÛÉ«£¬²¢·ÇÒ»ÖÖµ¥Ò»µÄÎïÀí¾°Ï󣬶øÊÇÓÉÓÚ¾§ÌåÓë¿É¼û¹âÏ໥×÷ÓõÄÁ˾Ö¡£ÆäÏÔÉ«»úÔìÖØÒªÄܹ»×ÛºÏΪÒÔϼ¸Àࣺ

¹ý¶É½ðÊôÀë×ÓµÄd-dԾǨ(d-dTransitions)£ºÕâÊÇ×î³£¼ûµÄÏÔÉ«»úÔìÖ®Ò»£¬Ò²ÊǺܶà·ÛÉ«¾§Ìå³öÏÖÉ«²ÊµÄÖØÒªÔ­Òò¡£ºÜ¶à¹ý¶É½ðÊôÔªËØ£¨ÈçÌú¡¢ÃÌ¡¢îÜ¡¢Äø¡¢Í­µÈ£©µÄÔ­×Ó£¬Æä±í²ãµç×ӹ췣¨d¹ì·£©Î´±»ÆëÈ«ÌîÂú¡£µ¹ØâЩԭ×ÓÒÔÀë×Ó´ó¾Ö´æÔÚÓÚ¾§Ìå½á¹¹ÖÐʱ£¬ËüÃÇÊܵ½ÖÜΧÅäλÀë×Ó£¨Í¨³£ÊÇÑõÀë×Ó£©µÄµç³¡Ó°Ï죬d¹ì·»á²úÉú¸îÁÑ¡£

µ±Ìض¨²¨³¤µÄ¿É¼û¹âÕÕÉäµ½¾§ÌåÉÏʱ£¬ÕâЩµç×ÓÄܹ»ÎüÊÕ¹âÄÜ£¬´Ó½ÏµÍÄܼ¶µÄd¹ì·ԾǨµ½½Ï¸ßÄܼ¶µÄd¹ì·¡£¾§ÌåÎüÊÕÁËÌØ¶¨É«²ÊµÄ¹â£¬ÄÇô͸Éä¹â»ò·´Éä¹â¾Í»á³öÏÖ³öÆä²¹É«£¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇÎÒÃÇ¿´µ½µÄÉ«²Ê¡£ÀýÈ磺ºÜ¶à·ÛÉ«±¦Ê¯£¬Èç·ÛÉ«±Ìçô£¨Tourmaline£©ÖеÄÃÌ£¨Mn£©Àë×Ó£¬·ÛÉ«¼â¾§Ê¯ÖеÏëÜ£¨Co£©»òÃÌ£¨Mn£©Àë×Ó£¬ÒÔ¼°ÌìÈ»ºì±¦Ê¯£¨¸ÕÓñ£¬Al?O?£©ÖеÄ?¸õ£¨Cr£©Àë×Ó£¨¹ÌÈ»Cr??ÖØÒª²úÉúºìÉ«£¬µ«Å¨¶ÈºÍ»ùÖÊ·ÖÆçÒ²¿ÉÄܳöÏÖ·ÛÉ«£©£¬ËüÃǶ¼ÊÇͨ¹ýd-dԾǨÀ´³öÏÖÉ«²ÊµÄ¡£

Åäλ³¡µÄЧӦ(LigandFieldEffect)£º¼´±ãÊÇͳһÖÖÔªËØ£¬ÔÚ·ÖÆçµÄ¾§Ìå½á¹¹ÖУ¬ÆäÅäλ»·¾³£¨¼´ÖÜΧµÄÔ­×Ó»òÀë×ӵķÖÁз½Ê½ºÍÖÖÀࣩ·ÖÆç£¬d¹ì·µÄÄܼ¶¸îÁÑˮƽҲ»á·ÖÆç£¬´Ó¶øµ¼ÖÂÎüÊÕ¹âÆ×µÄ±ä¶¯£¬É«²ÊÒ²»áËæÖ®Å¤×ª¡£Õâ¾ÍÊÇΪʲôÓÐʱ³½£¬Í³Ò»ÖÖÔªËØÐγɵľ§Ì壬ÔÚÒ»ÖֽṹÖÐÊÇ·ÛÉ«£¬¶øÔÚÁíÒ»ÖֽṹÖпÉÄÜÊÇÀ¶É«»òÂÌÉ«¡£

ÔÓÖÊȱµãµ¼ÖµÄÉ«²Ê(ImpurityandDefectColoration)£ºÓÐʱ³½£¬²¢·ÇÖ÷ÌåÔªËØ·¢É«£¬¶øÊǾ§ÌåÖÐ΢Á¿µÄÔÓÖÊÔ­×Ó£¬»òÕß¾§¸ñ×ÔÉí´æÔڵĿÕλ¡¢¼ä϶ԭ×ÓµÈȱµã£¬Í¨¹ýÎüÊÕÌØ¶¨²¨³¤µÄ¹âÀ´²úÉúÉ«²Ê¡£ÀýÈ磺ǾޱʯӢµÄ·ÛÉ«£¬±»ÒÔΪÓë΢Á¿µÄ?îÑ£¨Ti£©¡¢Ìú£¨Fe£©»òÃÌ£¨Mn£©Àë×ÓÈ¡´úÁ˲¿ÃÅSi??£¬»òÕ߽ṹÖеÄ΢Ó×½ðºìʯ£¨TiO?£©»òµçÆøÊ¯£¨Tourmaline£©¾§ÌåµÄ´æÔÚÓйØ¡£

ÕâЩ΢Ó׵Ľṹ²î?Òì»òÔÓÖÊ£¬Å¤×ªÁËʯӢ¶Ô¹âµÄÎüÊÕ¸öÐÔ¡£ÆäËû·¢É«»úÔ죺ÉÙÊýÇé¿öÏ£¬É«²Ê»¹¿ÉÄÜÔ´ÓÚµçºÉ×ªÒÆ£¨ChargeTransfer£©¡¢FÉ«ÐÄ£¨F-center£¬¼´ÒõÀë×Ó¿Õλ²¶»ñµç×Ó£©µÈ»úÔì¡£

ÔÚËÕÖݵĿÆÑл·¾³ÖУ¬¿ÆÑ§¼ÒÃDz»½ö¹Ø×¢ÕâЩ·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåµÄ½á¹¹£¬¸üÖÂÁ¦ÓÚͨ¹ý¾«È·µÄºÏ³É¼¿Á©£¬µ÷¿ØÕâЩÏÔÉ«»úÔ졣ͨ¹ýŤת²ôÔÓÀë×ÓµÄÖÖÀàºÍŨ¶È¡¢ÓÅ»¯¾§Ìå³É³¤»·¾³£¨Î¶ȡ¢Ñ¹Á¦¡¢¿ÕÆøµÈ£©£¬ËûÃÇ¿ÉÄÜ¡°¶¨Ô족³öËùÐèÉ«²ÊµÄ·ÛÉ«¾§Ì壬²¢¸³ÓèÆäÌØ¶¨µÄÎïÀí»úÄÜ¡£ÀýÈ磬×êÑÐÈËÔ±¿ÉÄ᳢ܻÊԺϳÉÓµÓÐÌØ¶¨·¢¹â¸öÐԵķÛɫӫ¹â·Û£¬ÓÃÓÚLEDÕÕÃ÷»òÏÔʾ¼¼Êõ £»»òÕß¿ª·¢ÓµÓÐÓÅÒì·ÇÏßÐÔ¹âѧ»úÄܵķÛÉ«¾§Ì壬ÓÃÓÚ¼¤¹â¼¼Êõ¡£

ËÕÖݵļÛÖµ£º¿ÆÑ§ÓëÒÕÊõµÄ½»»ãµã

ËÕÖݵķÛÉ«¾§ÌåË÷Çó£¬ÕýÊÇÔÚ¿ÆÑ§µÀÀíµÄÖ§³ÖÏ£¬¶ÔÃÀѧ¼ÛÖµµÄ×êÓª¡£Ëü²»½ö½öÊÇÀí½âÔ­×ÓÈôºÎ·ÖÁУ¬»òÊǵç×ÓÈôºÎԾǨµÄÎïÀí¹ý³Ì£¬¸üÊǶÔÌìÈ»½çºÍÈËÀàÖǻ۴´ÔìÁ¦µÄ?ÔÞ̾¡£´Ó¹ÅÀϵı¦Ê¯´«Ëµ£¬µ½ÏÖ´úµÄÖ°ÄÜ×ÊÁÏ£¬·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåÒÔÆä¹ÖÒìµÄÉ«²ÊºÍ½á¹¹£¬ÏνÓÁË¿ÆÑ§ÓëÒÕÊõ¡¢´ÓǰÓ뽫À´¡£

ÕⳡÔÚËÕÖÝ·¢Õ¹µÄ¾§ÌåË÷Çó£¬×îÖÕ½«Ð¯´øÎÒÃÇ˼ÂÇ£º

×ÊÁÏÉè¼ÆµÄÎÞÏÞ¿ÉÄÜ£ºÏàʶÁ˽ṹÓëÉ«²ÊµÄ¹ØÏµ£¬ÎÒÃǾÍÄܸüºÃµØÉè¼ÆºÍºÏ³ÉÓµÓÐÌØ¶¨¹âѧ¡¢µçѧ¡¢´ÅѧµÈ»úÄܵÄÐÂÐÍ×ÊÁÏ¡£ÌìȻ֮ÃÀµÄ¿ÆÑ§½â¶Á£ºÄÇЩÁîÈ˾ªÌ¾µÄ?ÌìÈ»·ÛÉ«¾§Ì壬Æä±³ºóµÄ¿ÆÑ§µÀÀí£¬×ÔÉí¾ÍÊÇÒ»Àà±ðÑùµÄÃÀ¡ £¿Æ¼¼´´ÐµÄÇý¶¯Á¦£º¶ÔÕâЩ΢¹ÛÊÀ½çµÄË÷Çó£¬Õý²»ÐÝÍÆ¶¯×Űë?µ¼Ìå¡¢¹âѧ¡¢ÄÜÔ´µÈÁìÓòµÄ½øÈ¡£¬ÎªbevictorΰµÂÉúÑÄ´øÀ´¸ü¶àÉ«²Ê?Óë¿ÉÄÜ¡£

Òò¶ø£¬µ±ÄãÔÚËÕÖݵÄij¸ö½ÇÂ䣬¿´µ½ÄÇĨÁîÈËÐ͝µÄ·ÛÉ«¹âÏßʱ£¬ÇëÁ¢×ãÆ¬¿Ì¡£ÄãËù¼ûµÄ£¬²»?½ö½öÊÇÒ»¿éÇÎÀöµÄʯͷ»òÊÇÒ»¼þÓÅÃÀµÄÆ÷Î¶øÊÇÒ»¸öÓÉÔ­×Ó¡¢µç×ÓºÍÄÜÁ¿×é³ÉµÄ£¬³ä³âÖÈÐòÓë»îÁ¦µÄ΢¹ÛÓîÖæµÄËõÓ°£¬ÊÇËÕÖÝÕâ×ù³ÇÊУ¬ÔÚ¿ÆÑ§ÓëÃÀѧÁìÓò£¬ÎªÄ㾫ÐijöÏÖµÄÒ»·Ýè­è²´ð°¸¡£

ÔðÈαà×룺 ÑîÕÕ
ÉêÃ÷£ºÖ¤È¯Ê±±¨Á¦ÇóÐÅÏ¢ÕæÊµ¡¢ÕýÈ·£¬ÎÄÕÂÌá¼°ÄÚÈݽö¹©²Î¿¼£¬²»×é³ÉÄÚÈÝÐÔͶ×ʽ¨Ò飬¾Ý´Ë²Ù·ç¸ñÏÕ×Ôµ£
ÏÂÔØ¡°Ö¤È¯Ê±±¨¡±¹Ù·½APP£¬»ò¹Ø×¢¹Ù·½Î¢ÐŹ«¼ÒºÅ£¬¼´¿ÉËæÊ±Ïàʶ¹ÉÊж¯Ì¬£¬¶´²ìÕþ²ßÐÅÏ¢£¬°ÑÎղƸ»»úÓö¡£
ÍøÓÑÆÀÂÛ
µÇ¼ºóÄܹ»½²»°
·¢ËÍ
ÍøÓÑÆÀÂÛ½ö¹©Æä±í°×Ó×ÎÒ¼û½â£¬²¢²»Åúע֤ȯʱ±¨Ì¬¶È
ÔÝÎÞÆÀÂÛ
ΪÄãÍÆ¼ö
¡¾ÍøÕ¾µØÍ¼¡¿