ÉèÏëһϣ¬ÔÚÒ»×ù¹ÅÔÏÓÆ³¤µÄ³ÇÊУ¬¾²Ú×µÄÔ°ÁÖÓëÏÖ´úµÄ¿Æ¼¼½»´í£¬È´ÔÚij¸ö²»¾ÒâµÄ½ÇÂ䣬ÉÁׯ×ÅÒ»ÖÖÄÑÒÔÑÔÓ÷µÄ·ÛÉ«¹âÏß¡£Õâ¹âÏߣ¬²¢·ÇÀ´×ÔÍíϼµÄ?ÓàêÍ£¬Ò²·Ç»¨°êµÄ½¿ÄÛ£¬¶øÊÇÔ´×ÔÒ»ÖÖÉñÃØµÄÎïÖÊ¡ª¡ª·ÛÉ«¾§Ìå¡£ËÕÖÝ£¬Õâ×ù³ä³â¶«·½÷ÈÁ¦µÄ³ÇÊУ¬ÕýÇÄÈ»³ÉΪË÷ÇóÕâÀà¹ÖÒì¾§Ìå½á¹¹µÄÈÈÍÁ¡£
ΪºÎÊÇ·ÛÉ«£¿Õâ¸öÎÊÌâ×ÔÉí¾Í³ä³âÁËÊ«Òâ¡£ÔÚÉ«²ÊÉúÀíѧÖУ¬·ÛɫʱʱÓëÎÂ˳¡¢ÀËÂþ¡¢´¿ÕæºÍµ«Ô¸ÁªÏµÔÚһ·£¬ËüÄܰ²ÞÑÐÄÁ飬´øÀ´ºÍÉÆÓëϲÔᣵ¹ØâÖÖÉ«²ÊÓë¾§ÌåÕâÒ»ÔÚ¿ÆÑ§½ç´ú?±í?×ÅÖÈÐò¡¢²»±äÓëÁ¦Á¿µÄÎïÖʽáӦʱ£¬±ãµ®ÉúÁËÒ»ÖÖ¼Å×пÆÑ§ÑϽ÷ÐÔ£¬ÓÖ²»Ê§ÈËÎĹØÇеĹÖÒì÷ÈÁ¦¡£
·ÛÉ«¾§Ì壬¹ËÃû˼Ò壬ÊÇÖ¸ÄÇЩ³öÏÖ³ö·ÛÉ«µ÷µÄ¾§ÌåÎïÖÊ¡£ËüÃǵÄÉ«²Ê²¢·Çµ¥Ò»£¬¶øÊÇ¿ÉÄÜÔ̺¬´ÓµÑŵÄÓ£»¨·Û£¬µ½Öܵ½µÄõºì£¬ÉõÖÁÊÇÂÔ´ø×ϵ÷µÄź·Û£¬Ã¿Ò»ÖÖ·ÛÉ«¶¼Ëß˵×Å·ÖÆçµÄ¹ÊÊ¡£
ÕâЩ·ÛÉ«¾§Ì壬Æä³ÉÒòºÍ½á¹¹ÊÇÔõôµÄÄØ£¿Õâ¾ÍÊÇËÕÖݾ§ÌåË÷ÇóÖ®ÂõÄÖ÷ÌâµØµã¡£ÎÒÃÇËù˵µÄ¡°¾§Ìå½á¹¹¡±£¬Ö¸µÄÊÇ×é³É¾§ÌåµÄÔ×Ó¡¢Àë×Ó»ò·Ö×ÓÔÚÈýά¿Õ¼äÖУ¬ÒÀÕտ϶¨µÄ·¨¹æ¡¢ÒÔ³Á¸´µÄµ¥Ôª·ÖÁжøÐγɵÄÓÐÐò½á¹¹¡£ÕâÖÖÓÐÐòÐÔ¸³ÓèÁ˾§Ìå¹ÖÒìµÄÎïÀíºÍ»¯Ñ§ÐÔÖÊ£¬ºÃ±È¹æ¶¨µÄ±íÐΡ¢¹âѧ¸öÐÔ¡¢µ¼?µçÐԵȵȡ£
¶ø·ÛÉ«£¬ÍùÍùÊÇÓÉÓÚ¾§ÌåÖвôÔÓÁË΢Á¿µÄÌØ¶¨ÔªËØ£¬»òÊÇ×ÔÉíÔªËØµÄ¼Û̬±ä¶¯£¬µ¼?ÖÂÁ˾§ÌåÔÚÎüÊպͷ´ÉäÌØ¶¨²¨³¤µÄ¿É¼û¹âʱ£¬³öÏÖ³öÎÒÃÇ¿´µ½µÄ·ÛÉ«¡£ÀýÈ磬ijЩÑõ»¯Îï¾§ÌåÖУ¬Î¢Á¿µÄÃÌÀë×Ó£¨Mn??£©»òîÜÀë×Ó£¨Co??£©µÄÒýÈ룬¾Í¿ÉÄÜʹÆä³öÏÖ³öÃÔÈ˵ķÛÉ«¡£
ËÕÖÝ£¬Ö®ËùÒÔ³ÉΪË÷ÇóµÄ½¹µã£¬²¢·ÇÎÞÒâ¡£Õâ×ù³ÇÊÐÕ¼ÓÐÉîºñµÄ¿Æ¼¼Ñз¢»ù´¡ºÍÒ»ÅúÔÚ×ÊÁÏ¿ÆÑ§ÁìÓòÆÄ¾ß½¨Ê÷µÄ×êÑлú¹¹¡£´Ó´«Í³µÄË¿³ñ¡¢ÌÕ´É£¬µ½ÏÖ´úµÄ°ëµ¼Ìå¡¢ÐÂÄÜÔ´×ÊÁÏ£¬ËÕÖÝʼÖÕ×ßÔÚ´´ÐµÄÇ°ÑØ¡£¶ø¶ÔÓÚÐÂÐ;§Ìå×ÊÁϵÄË÷Çó£¬ÓÈÆäÊÇÄÇЩӵÓÐDZÔÚÀûÓüÛÖµºÍ¹ÖÒìÃÀѧ¼ÛÖµµÄ¾§Ì壬¸üÊÇÎüÒýÁ˶à¶à¿ÆÑÐÈËÔ±ºÍÆóÒµ¼ÒµÄÑ۹⡣
ÔÚÕâÀÄãÄܹ»¿´µ½³¢ÊÔÊÒÀï¿ÆÑ§¼ÒÃÇÑϽ÷µÄ³¢ÊÔ¹ý³Ì£¬Ò²Äܹ»ÔÚһЩÒÕÊõÕ¹ÀÀ»òÖ÷Ìâ¿Õ¼äÖУ¬¾ªÌ¾ÓÚÕâЩ·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåËùչʾ³öµÄÕðº³ÃÀ¸Ð¡£
ÎÒÃǽ«ÔÚËÕÖݵÄÕⳡ·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåË÷ÇóÖ®ÂÃÖУ¬·¢ÏÖÐ©Ê²Ã´ÄØ£¿ÎÒÃǽ«Éî¿ÌÏàʶ¼¸ÖÖÓµÓдú±íÐԵķÛÉ«¾§Ìå¡£Õâ¿ÉÄÜÔ̺¬µ«?²»?ÏÞÓÚ£º
·ÛÉ«±¦Ê¯ÀྦྷÌ壺ÈçijЩÖÖÀàµÄ±Ìçô¡¢ºì±¦Ê¯£¨¹ÌÈ»¾µäºì±¦Ê¯ÊǺìÉ«£¬µ«Ò²ÓÐһЩ³Ê·ÛÉ«µÄÖÖÀࣩ¡¢Ç¾Þ±Ê¯Ó¢£¨RoseQuartz£©µÈ¡£ËüÃǵÄÇÎÀöÔÚÓÚÌìÈ»µÄÉ«²ÊºÍϸÄåµÄÄÚ²¿½á¹¹£¬³£±»ÓÃÓÚÖ鱦ºÍ×°è«Æ·¡£ÎÒÃǽ«Ì½ÇóËüÃǵĿóÎïѧ¸öÐÔ¡¢Ðγɻ·¾³ÒÔ¼°¹âѧ¾°Ï󣬺ñÈèÑÛЧӦ»òÐǹâЧӦ¡£
ÈËÔì·ÛɫְÄܾ§Ìå£ºËæ×ſƼ¼µÄ·¢Õ¹£¬¿ÆÑ§¼ÒÃÇ¿ÉÄÜͨ¹ý¾«È·½ÚÔ컯ѧ×é·ÖºÍ³É³¤Ç°ÌᣬÔÚ³¢ÊÔÊÒÖд´Ôì³öÓµÓÐÌØ¶¨Ö°ÄܵķÛÉ«¾§Ìå¡£ÀýÈ磬ijЩ²ôÔÓÁËÏ¡ÍÁÔªËØµÄ?Ñõ»¯Îï»ò·ú»¯Îï¾§Ì壬¿ÉÄÜÔÚ¼¤¹â¡¢·¢¹â×ÊÁÏ¡¢·ÇÏßÐÔ¹âѧµÈÁìÓòÓÐÀûÓÃDZÁ¦¡£ÎÒÃǽ«Ì½Ë÷ÕâЩ¾§ÌåÊÇÈôºÎ±»¡°Éè¼Æ¡±³öÀ´µÄ£¬ÒÔ¼°ËüÃÇÔÚÏÖ´ú¿Æ¼¼ÖеıíÑݵĽÇÉ«¡£
ÉúÎï»ò·ÂÉú·ÛÉ«¾§Ì壺ÔÚÌìÈ»½çÖУ¬Ò²ÓÐһЩÉúÎïÌå¿ÉÄܲú?Éú·ÛÉ«µÄ¾§Ìå½á¹¹£¬ÀýÈçijЩ±´¿ÇµÄÄÚ²ã½á¹¹£¬¹ÌÈ»²»ÆëÂúÊÇÑϸñÒâ˼Éϵľ§Ì壬µ«ÆäÓÐÐò·ÖÁеÄÎÄʯ»ò·½½âʯ΢¾§¸³ÓèÁËËüÃÇÕäÖé°ãµÄ¹âÔóºÍÉ«²Ê¡£¹ÌÈ»Õâ²»ÊÇËÕÖÝË÷ÇóµÄ³Áµã£¬µ«?ËüÍØÕ¹ÁËÎÒÃǶԡ°·ÛÉ«¾§Ì塱¸ÅÏëµÄÈÏÖªÌìǵ¡£
±¾´ÎË÷Ç󣬲»½ö½öÊǵ¥µ÷µÄ¿ÆÑ§ÖªÊ¶¶ÑÆö£¬¸üÊÇÒ»´ÎÊÓ¾õÓëÖǻ۵ÄË«³ÁÏíÊÜ¡£ÎÒÃǽ«ÓûîÆÃÓÐȤµÄ˵»°£¬½áºÏÓÅÃÀµÄͼƬºÍ¿ÉÄܵÄÊÓÆµ×ÊÁÏ£¬½«ÄÇЩ¸´Ôӵľ§Ìå½á¹¹£¬±äµÃÇ峺Ò×¶®¡£ÎÒÃÇ»á´Óºê¹ÛµÄ?¾§Ìå״̬£¬µ½Î¢¹ÛµÄÔ×Ó·ÖÁУ¬Ò»²½²½½Ò¿ª·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåµÄ?ÉñÃØÃæÉ´¡£ÎªÊ²Ã´ËüÃÇ»á³öÏÖ³öÈç´ËÃÔÈ˵ÄÉ«²Ê£¿ÊÇʲôÑùµÄÁ¦Á¿ÔÚ°Ú²¼×ÅÔ×ÓÔÚ¿Õ¼äÖÐÈç´Ë¾«È·µØ·ÖÁУ¿ÕâЩÎÊÌâµÄ´ð?°¸£¬½«Ð¯´øÎÒÃÇ×ß½øÒ»¸ö³ä³âÊÂÒµµÄ΢¹ÛÊÀ½ç¡£
ÔÚËÕÖÝÕâ×ù¹ÅÀÏÓëÏÖ´ú²¢´æµÄ³ÇÊУ¬ÎÒÃǵȴýÓëÄãÒ»Æð¿ªÆôÕⳡ¹ØÓÚ·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåµÄË÷Çó¡£Õâ²»ÊÇÒ»´Îͨ³£µÄ¹Û¹â£¬¶øÊÇÒ»´Î·¢ÏÖÃÀµÄÂọ́¬Ò»´ÎÀí½â¿ÆÑ§µÄÂóÌ?£¬¸üÊÇÒ»´Î´¥?ÅöÎÞÏÞ¿ÉÄÜÐÔµÄÂó̡£ÈÃÎÒÃÇһ·£¬ÔÚ·ÛÉ«µÄ¹âÔÎÖУ¬¸Ð´¥¾§ÌåÊÀ½çµÄ¹ÖÒì÷ÈÁ¦¡£
ÔÚÉÏÒ»²¿ÃÅ£¬ÎÒÃÇ¿ªÆôÁ˶ÔËÕÖÝ·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåµÄÆæ»ÃÖ®Â㬳õ²½ÁìÂÔÁËËüÃǵÄ÷ÈÁ¦Óë¶àÑùÐÔ¡£´Ë¿Ì£¬ÈÃÎÒÃǸüÉî¿ÌµØ?Ò»²½£¬Ì½Ñ°·ÛÉ«¾§Ìå±³?ºó°µ²ØµÄ¿ÆÑ§µÀÀí¡ª¡ªËüÃÇÄǹÖÒì¶ø¾«ÃîµÄ¾§Ìå½á¹¹£¬ÒÔ¼°¸³ÓèËüÃÇÃÔÈËÉ«²ÊµÄ¿ÆÑ§Ú¹ÊÍ¡£
ÎÒÃdz£ËµµÄ?¡°¾§Ìå½á¹¹¡±£¬¾ÍºÃ±ÈÊÇ×é³É?¾§ÌåÎïÖʵġ°¹¹ÖþÀ¶Í¼¡±¡£ËüÃèÊöÁ˾§ÌåÄÚ²¿µÄÔ×Ó¡¢Àë×Ó»ò·Ö×ÓÊÇÈôºÎÔÚÈýά¿Õ¼äÖУ¬ÒԸ߶Å×ÐÐò¡¢³Á¸´µÄ·½Ê½·ÖÁеġ£ÕâÖÖ·ÖÁз½Ê½¾ö¶¨Á˾§ÌåµÄ¸ù»ùµ¥Ôª¡ª¡ª¡°¾§°û¡±µÄ´ó?Ó׺Í״̬£¬ÒÔ¼°Ô×ÓÔÚ¾§°ûÄڵľßÌåµØÎ»¡£
¾§¸ñ(Lattice)£ºÕâÊÇÒ»¸öÓÉÎÞÏÞ³Á¸´µÄµã×é³ÉµÄ¼¸ºÎ½á¹¹£¬ÓÃÀ´°µÊ¾Ô×ÓÔÚ¿Õ¼äÖеķÖÁз¨¹æ¡£¾§´ø(Basis)£ºÖ¸µÄÊÇÔÚ¾§¸ñµÄÿһ¸öµãÉÏËùÏνӵÄÔ×Ó¡¢Àë×Ó»ò·Ö×Ó»ùÍÅ¡£¾§Ìå½á¹¹(CrystalStructure)£ºÓɾ§¸ñºÍ¾§´ø¹²Í¬×é³É£¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇÔ×ÓÔÚ¿Õ¼äÖеÄÏÖʵɢ²¼¡£
¾§Ìå½á¹¹Ç§×˰Ù̬£¬µ«Æ¾¾ÝÆä¶Ô³ÆÐÔ£¬Äܹ»×ÛºÏΪÆß´ó¾§Ïµ£¨ÈçÁ¢·½¾§Ïµ¡¢ËÄ·½¾§Ïµ¡¢Áù·½¾§ÏµµÈ£©ºÍÊ®ËÄÖÖ²¼Àά¾§¸ñ¡£·ÖÆçµÄ¾§ÏµºÍ¾§¸ñ£¬Òâζ×ÅÔ×Ó·ÖÁеķ½Ê½½ØÈ»·ÖÆç£¬ÓÉ´ËÒ²»á²úÉú½ØÈ»·ÖÆçµÄÎïÀíºÍ»¯Ñ§ÐÔÖÊ¡£ÀýÈ磬×êʯÊôÓÚÁ¢·½¾§Ïµ£¬Ì¼Ô×ÓÒÔÕýËÄÃæÌåµÄ·½Ê½Ïνӣ¬Ðγɼ«Æä½©Ó²µÄ½á¹¹£»¶øÊ¯Ä«£¬Í¬ÑùÊÇÌ¼ÔªËØ£¬µ«Ô×Ó³ÊÁù±ßÐβã×´·ÖÁУ¬Ê¹µÃʯ¶ÈÈáÈí£¬¿ÉÄÜ×÷Ϊ¹â»¬¼Á¡£
¶ÔÓÚ·ÛÉ«¾§Ìå¶øÑÔ£¬ËüÃǵġ°¹Ç¼Ü¡±¡ª¡ªÒ²¾ÍÊÇ»ù´¡µÄ¾§Ìå½á¹¹£¬¿ÉÄܶàÖÖ¶àÑù¡£ÀýÈ磺
Ñõ»¯Îï¾§Ì壺ºÜ¶à³ÁÒªµÄ·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåÊôÓÚÑõ»¯Îï¡£ÀýÈ磬ijЩ¼â¾§Ê¯£¨Spinel£©½á¹¹£¨Í¨Ê½ÎªAB?O?£©µÄ¾§Ì壬ÈôÊÇAλ»òBλÀë×Ó¸ÕºÃÊÇÄܳöÏÖ·ÛÉ«µÄ½ðÊôÀë×Ó£¬²¢ÇÒÆä¾§Ìå½á¹¹ÔÊÐíÕâÑùµÄÀë×Ó´æÔÚ£¬¾Í¿ÉÄÜÐγɷÛÉ«¾§Ìå¡£ÌìÈ»µÄºì±¦Ê¯£¨¸ÕÓñ£¬Al?O?£©ºÍ·ÛÉ«¼â¾§Ê¯¾ÍÊôÓÚ´Ë?Àà¡£
ËüÃǵĸÕÓñ½á¹¹ºÍ¼â¾§Ê¯½á¹¹£¬ÌṩÁ˲»±äµÄÔ×Ó·ÖÁÐÆ½Ì¨¡£¹èËáÑξ§Ì壺ºÃ±ÈÇ°ÃæÌáµ½µÄǾޱʯӢ£¬ËüÊÇÒ»ÖÖʯӢ£¨SiO?£©µÄ±äÖÖ¡£Ê¯Ó¢×ÔÉíÊÇÓµÓв»±äÈý·½¾§ÏµµÄ¶þÑõ»¯¹è£¬¶øÇ¾Þ±Ê¯Ó¢µÄ·ÛÉ«£¬²¢·ÇÀ´×Ôµ¥Ò»µÄÔÓÖÊ£¬¶øÊÇÓë½á¹¹ÖÐ΢Á¿µÄÌú£¨Fe£©»òÆäËû¹ý¶É½ðÊôÀë×Ó£¬ÒÔ¼°½á¹¹È±µãÓйأ¬ÕâЩ³É·ÖÓ°ÏìÁËÆä¶Ô¹âµÄÎüÊÕ¡£
·ÇÑõ»¯Îï¾§Ì壺·ú»¯Îï¡¢Á×ËáÑεÈÒ²¿ÉÄÜÐγɷÛÉ«¾§Ìå¡£ÀýÈ磬²ô?ÔÓÁËijЩϡÍÁÔªËØµÄ·ú»¯Îï¾§Ì壬¿ÉÄÜÓÃÓÚ¹âѧÆ÷¼þ¡£
Àí½âÕâЩ¾§Ìå½á¹¹£¬¾ÍÏñÊÇÔÚÔĶÁÒ»±¾¹ØÓÚÎïÖÊÊÀ½ç·ÖÁй涨µÄÃÜÓï¡£ÔÚËÕÖݵij¢ÊÔÊÒÀ¿ÆÑ§¼ÒÃÇÀûÓÃXÉäÏßÑÜÉ䣨XRD£©¡¢Í¸Éäµç×ÓÏÔ΢¾µ£¨TEM£©µÈÏȽø¼¼Êõ£¬¾«È·µØ½âÎöÕâЩ¾§ÌåµÄÈýάÔ×Ó·ÖÁУ¬ÈçͬÃèÊö³öÒ»·ù·ù¾«ÃܵķÖ×Ó¡°µØÍ¼¡±£¬½ÒʾÁ˽ṹÓë»úÄÜÖ®¼äµÄÄÚºÁªÏµ¡£
¾§Ìå½á¹¹Îª·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåÌṩÁË¡°Îę̀¡±£¬¶øÉ«²ÊÔòÊÇÕⳡ¡°±íÑÝ¡±µÄÖ÷½Ç¡£·ÛÉ«£¬²¢·ÇÒ»ÖÖµ¥Ò»µÄÎïÀí¾°Ï󣬶øÊÇÓÉÓÚ¾§ÌåÓë¿É¼û¹âÏ໥×÷ÓõÄÁ˾֡£ÆäÏÔÉ«»úÔìÖØÒªÄܹ»×ÛºÏΪÒÔϼ¸Àࣺ
¹ý¶É½ðÊôÀë×ÓµÄd-dԾǨ(d-dTransitions)£ºÕâÊÇ×î³£¼ûµÄÏÔÉ«»úÔìÖ®Ò»£¬Ò²ÊǺܶà·ÛÉ«¾§Ìå³öÏÖÉ«²ÊµÄÖØÒªÔÒò¡£ºÜ¶à¹ý¶É½ðÊôÔªËØ£¨ÈçÌú¡¢ÃÌ¡¢îÜ¡¢Äø¡¢ÍµÈ£©µÄÔ×Ó£¬Æä±í²ãµç×ӹ췣¨d¹ì·£©Î´±»ÆëÈ«ÌîÂú¡£µ¹ØâЩÔ×ÓÒÔÀë×Ó´ó¾Ö´æÔÚÓÚ¾§Ìå½á¹¹ÖÐʱ£¬ËüÃÇÊܵ½ÖÜΧÅäλÀë×Ó£¨Í¨³£ÊÇÑõÀë×Ó£©µÄµç³¡Ó°Ï죬d¹ì·»á²úÉú¸îÁÑ¡£
µ±Ìض¨²¨³¤µÄ¿É¼û¹âÕÕÉäµ½¾§ÌåÉÏʱ£¬ÕâЩµç×ÓÄܹ»ÎüÊÕ¹âÄÜ£¬´Ó½ÏµÍÄܼ¶µÄd¹ì·ԾǨµ½½Ï¸ßÄܼ¶µÄd¹ì·¡£¾§ÌåÎüÊÕÁËÌØ¶¨É«²ÊµÄ¹â£¬ÄÇô͸Éä¹â»ò·´Éä¹â¾Í»á³öÏÖ³öÆä²¹É«£¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇÎÒÃÇ¿´µ½µÄ?É«²Ê¡£ÀýÈ磺ºÜ¶à·ÛÉ«±¦Ê¯£¬Èç·ÛÉ«±Ìçô£¨Tourmaline£©ÖеÄÃÌ£¨Mn£©Àë×Ó£¬·ÛÉ«¼â¾§Ê¯ÖеÄ?îÜ£¨Co£©»òÃÌ£¨Mn£©Àë×Ó£¬ÒÔ¼°ÌìÈ»ºì±¦Ê¯£¨¸ÕÓñ£¬Al?O?£©ÖеÄ?¸õ£¨Cr£©Àë×Ó£¨¹ÌÈ»Cr??ÖØÒª²úÉúºìÉ«£¬µ«Å¨¶ÈºÍ»ùÖʲ»?ͬҲ¿ÉÄܳöÏÖ·ÛÉ«£©£¬ËüÃǶ¼ÊÇͨ¹ýd-dԾǨÀ´³Ê?ÏÖÉ«²ÊµÄ¡£
Åäλ³¡µÄЧӦ(LigandFieldEffect)£º¼´±ãÊÇͳһÖÖÔªËØ£¬ÔÚ·ÖÆçµÄ¾§Ìå½á¹¹ÖУ¬ÆäÅäλ»·¾³£¨¼´ÖÜΧµÄÔ×Ó»òÀë×ӵķÖÁз½Ê½ºÍÖÖÀࣩ·ÖÆç£¬d¹ì·µÄÄܼ¶¸îÁÑˮƽҲ»á·ÖÆç£¬´Ó¶øµ¼ÖÂÎüÊÕ¹âÆ×µÄ±ä¶¯£¬É«²ÊÒ²»áËæÖ®Å¤×ª¡£Õâ¾ÍÊÇΪʲôÓÐʱ³½£¬Í³Ò»ÖÖÔªËØÐγɵľ§Ì壬ÔÚÒ»ÖֽṹÖÐÊÇ·ÛÉ«£¬¶øÔÚÁíÒ»ÖֽṹÖпÉÄÜÊÇÀ¶É«»òÂÌÉ«¡£
ÔÓÖÊȱµãµ¼ÖµÄÉ«²Ê(ImpurityandDefectColoration)£ºÓÐʱ³½£¬²¢·ÇÖ÷ÌåÔªËØ·¢É«£¬¶øÊǾ§ÌåÖÐ΢Á¿µÄÔÓÖÊÔ×Ó£¬»òÕß¾§¸ñ×ÔÉí´æÔڵĿÕλ¡¢¼ä϶Ô×ÓµÈȱµã£¬Í¨¹ýÎüÊÕÌØ¶¨²¨?³¤µÄ?¹âÀ´²úÉúÉ«²Ê¡£ÀýÈ磺ǾޱʯӢµÄ·ÛÉ«£¬±»ÒÔΪÓë΢Á¿µÏëÑ£¨Ti£©¡¢Ìú£¨Fe£©»òÃÌ£¨Mn£©Àë×ÓÈ¡´úÁ˲¿ÃÅSi??£¬»òÕ߽ṹÖеÄ΢Ó×½ðºìʯ£¨TiO?£©»òµçÆøÊ¯£¨Tourmaline£©¾§ÌåµÄ´æÔÚÓйء£
ÕâЩ΢Ó׵Ľṹ²î¾à»òÔÓÖÊ£¬Å¤×ªÁËʯӢ¶Ô¹âµÄÎüÊÕ¸öÐÔ¡£ÆäËû·¢É«»úÔ죺ÉÙÊýÇé¿öÏ£¬É«²Ê»¹¿ÉÄÜÔ´ÓÚµçºÉ×ªÒÆ£¨ChargeTransfer£©¡¢FÉ«ÐÄ£¨F-center£¬¼´ÒõÀë×Ó¿Õλ²¶»ñµç×Ó£©µÈ»úÔì¡£
ÔÚËÕÖݵĿÆÑл·¾³ÖУ¬¿ÆÑ§¼ÒÃDz»?½ö¹Ø×¢ÕâЩ·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåµÄ½á¹¹£¬¸üÖÂÁ¦ÓÚͨ¹ý¾«È·µÄºÏ³É¼¿Á©£¬µ÷¿ØÕâЩÏÔÉ«»úÔ졣ͨ¹ýŤת²ô?ÔÓÀë×ÓµÄÖÖÀàºÍŨ¶È¡¢ÓÅ»¯¾§Ìå³É³¤»·¾³£¨Î¶ȡ¢Ñ¹Á¦¡¢¿ÕÆøµÈ£©£¬ËûÃÇ¿ÉÄÜ¡°¶¨Ô족³öËùÐèÉ«²ÊµÄ·ÛÉ«¾§Ì壬²¢¸³ÓèÆäÌØ¶¨µÄÎïÀí»úÄÜ¡£ÀýÈ磬×êÑÐÈËÔ±¿ÉÄ᳢ܻÊԺϳÉÓµÓÐÌØ¶¨·¢¹â¸öÐԵķÛɫӫ¹â·Û£¬ÓÃÓÚLEDÕÕÃ÷»òÏÔʾ¼¼Êõ£»»òÕß¿ª·¢ÓµÓÐÓÅÒì·ÇÏßÐÔ¹âѧ»úÄܵķÛÉ«¾§Ì壬ÓÃÓÚ¼¤¹â¼¼Êõ¡£
ËÕÖݵķÛÉ«¾§ÌåË÷Çó£¬ÕýÊÇÔÚ¿ÆÑ§µÀÀíµÄÖ§³Ö?Ï£¬¶ÔÃÀѧ¼ÛÖµµÄ×êÓª¡£Ëü²»½ö½öÊÇÀí½âÔ×ÓÈôºÎ·ÖÁУ¬»òÊǵç×ÓÈôºÎԾǨµÄÎïÀí¹ý³Ì£¬¸üÊǶÔÌìÈ»½çºÍÈËÀàÖǻ۴´ÔìÁ¦µÄÔÞ̾¡£´Ó¹ÅÀϵı¦Ê¯´«Ëµ£¬µ½ÏÖ´úµÄÖ°ÄܲÄ?ÁÏ£¬·ÛÉ«¾§ÌåÒÔÆä¹ÖÒìµÄÉ«²ÊºÍ½á¹¹£¬ÏνÓÁË¿ÆÑ§ÓëÒÕÊõ¡¢´ÓǰÓ뽫À´¡£
×ÊÁÏÉè¼ÆµÄÎÞÏÞ¿ÉÄÜ£ºÏàʶÁ˽ṹÓëÉ«²ÊµÄ¹ØÏµ£¬ÎÒÃǾÍÄܸüºÃµØÉè¼ÆºÍºÏ³ÉÓµÓÐÌØ¶¨¹âѧ¡¢µçѧ¡¢´ÅѧµÈ»úÄܵÄÐÂÐÍ×ÊÁÏ¡£ÌìȻ֮ÃÀµÄ¿ÆÑ§½â¶Á£ºÄÇЩÁîÈ˾ªÌ¾µÄÌìÈ»·ÛÉ«¾§Ì壬Æä±³ºóµÄ¿ÆÑ§µÀÀí£¬×ÔÉí¾ÍÊÇÒ»Àà±ðÑùµÄÃÀ¡£¿Æ¼¼´´ÐµÄÇý¶¯Á¦£º¶ÔÕâЩ΢¹ÛÊÀ½çµÄË÷Çó£¬Õý²»ÐÝÍÆ¶¯×Ű뵼Ìå¡¢¹âѧ¡¢ÄÜÔ´µÈÁìÓòµÄ½øÈ¡£¬ÎªbevictorΰµÂÉúÑÄ´øÀ´¸ü¶àÉ«²ÊÓë¿ÉÄÜ¡£
Òò¶ø£¬µ±ÄãÔÚËÕÖݵÄij¸ö½ÇÂ䣬¿´µ½?ÄÇĨÁîÈËÐ͝µÄ·ÛÉ«¹âÏßʱ£¬ÇëÁ¢×ãÆ¬¿Ì¡£ÄãËù¼ûµÄ£¬²»?½ö½öÊÇÒ»¿éÇÎÀöµÄʯͷ»òÊÇÒ»¼þÓÅÃÀµÄÆ÷Î¶øÊÇÒ»¸öÓÉÔ×Ó¡¢µç×ÓºÍÄÜÁ¿×é³ÉµÄ£¬³ä³âÖÈÐòÓë»îÁ¦µÄ΢¹ÛÓîÖæµÄËõÓ°£¬ÊÇËÕÖÝÕâ×ù³ÇÊУ¬ÔÚ¿ÆÑ§ÓëÃÀѧÁìÓò£¬ÎªÄ㾫ÐijöÏÖµÄÒ»·Ýè貴𰸡£